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}} Amy Jade Winehouse (14 September 1983 – 23 July 2011) was an English singer and songwriter known for her deep vocals and her eclectic mix of musical genres, including soul〔Caulfield, Keith (23 July 2012). . ''Billboard''.〕〔Vozick-Levinson, Simon (9 September 2010). . ''Entertainment Weekly''. Time〕〔. ''The A.V. Club''. The Onion.〕 (sometimes labelled as blue-eyed soul and neo soul),〔Cairns, Dan.. ''The Sunday Times''.〕 rhythm and blues,〔Dave De Sylvia (15 January 2007). . Sputnikmusic. "Amy Winehouse is testament to the fact that almost every great female rhythm & blues singer is either a tough, southern black woman or a skinny white girl from London"〕〔Powers, Ann (23 July 2011). . NPR Music.〕〔. CNN. "There was always a vexing contradiction between the sunny, buoyant rhythm-and-blues music that enchanted millions and the dismal, exasperating public spectacle she made of herself in tabloids and onstage"〕 and jazz.〔〔McVeigh, Tracy (23 July 2011). . ''The Guardian''.〕 Winehouse's 2003 debut album, ''Frank'', was a critical success in the UK and was nominated for the Mercury Prize. Her 2006 follow-up album, ''Back to Black'', led to five 2008 Grammy Awards, tying the then record for the most wins by a female artist in a single night, and made her the first British female to win five Grammys,〔. Today Music. Associated Press. 2 November 2008.〕〔Winehouse, Alex (13 February 2008). . ''The Sunday Times''.〕 including three of the general field "Big Four" awards: Best New Artist, Record of the Year and Song of the Year. Winehouse won three Ivor Novello Awards: in 2004, Best Contemporary Song for "Stronger Than Me"; in 2007, Best Contemporary Song again, this time for "Rehab"; and in 2008, Best Song Musically and Lyrically for "Love Is a Losing Game." She won the 2007 Brit Award for Best British Female Artist, having also been nominated for Best British Album, with ''Back to Black''. Winehouse died of alcohol poisoning on 23 July 2011, aged 27. Her album ''Back to Black'' posthumously became for a time the UK's best-selling album of the 21st century.〔. BBC News Online. 25 August 2011.〕 In 2012, Winehouse was ranked 26 on VH1's 100 Greatest Women In Music.〔 The BBC has called her "the pre-eminent vocal talent of her generation."〔Mulholland, Garry (12 November 2012). . BBC Music.〕 ==Early life== Amy Winehouse was born in Chase Farm Hospital in north London, to Jewish parents. Her father, Mitchell "Mitch" Winehouse, was a window panel installer〔 then a taxi driver; her mother, Janis Winehouse (née Seaton),〔Senior, Amy (25 July 2011). . Mancunian Matters.〕 a pharmacist.〔Sullivan, Caroline (24 July 2011). . ''The Guardian''.〕 The Winehouse ancestors were Russian and Polish immigrants to London. Amy had an older brother, Alex (born 1979),〔Eliscu, Jenny (23 July 2011). . Retrieved 1 May 2015.〕 and the family lived in London's Southgate area, where she attended Osidge Primary School.〔 Many of Winehouse's maternal uncles were professional jazz musicians. Amy's paternal grandmother, Cynthia, was a singer and dated English jazz legend Ronnie Scott.〔Mulholland, Garry (31 January 2004). . ''The Guardian''.〕 She and Amy's parents influenced Amy's interest in jazz.〔 Her father Mitch often sang Frank Sinatra songs to her, and whenever she got chastised at school she would sing "Fly Me to the Moon" before going up to the headmistress to be told off.〔Nissim, Mayer (13 July 2012). . Digital Spy. Hearst Magazines UK.〕 Winehouse's parents separated when she was nine,〔Sturges, Fiona (25 July 2011). . ''The Independent''.〕 and she lived with her mother and stayed with her father and his girlfriend in Hatfield Heath, Essex on weekends. In 1992 her grandmother Cynthia suggested she attend the Susi Earnshaw Theatre School, where she went on Saturdays to further her vocal education and to learn to tap dance.〔Sandall, Robert (27 July 2008). . ''The Sunday Times Magazine''. Retrieved 11 February 2014.〕 She attended the school for four years and founded a short-lived rap group called Sweet 'n' Sour with Juliette Ashby, her childhood friend〔. AskMen.〕 before seeking full-time training at Sylvia Young Theatre School. Winehouse was allegedly expelled at 14 for "not applying herself" and also for piercing her nose.〔〔Roussoulis, Henrietta (18 January 2004). . ''The Independent on Sunday''.〕 Sylvia Young has denied this—"She changed schools at 15—I've heard it said she was expelled; she wasn't. I'd never have expelled Amy"〔Young, speaking to Adrian Goldberg on Radio 5 Live, 23 July 2011〕—as has Mitch Winehouse. She also appeared in an episode of ''The Fast Show'', 1997, with other children from the Sylvia Young School and later attended the Mount School, Mill Hill; the BRIT School in Selhurst, Croydon; Osidge JMI School and then Ashmole School.〔. ''The Daily Telegraph''.〕〔Braddock, Kevin (28 January 2007). . ''The Independent''.〕〔. Hidden London.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amy Winehouse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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